Do I need a permit for hardscape work?

Most US municipalities require a permit for retaining walls over 4 feet tall, for any hardscape work that alters drainage or grade, and for hardscape in front-yard areas governed by setback rules. Patios at grade typically do NOT require a permit. Fire pits often require a permit if gas-fueled or larger than 36 inches diameter. Permit costs run $150–$700 depending on jurisdiction. Stormwater management is the most common permit trigger — anything that adds >500 sqft of impermeable surface may require an infiltration plan in coastal or high-rainfall counties.